CT #2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

CT #2 - Essay Example At that point consider taking your items to business sectors that requires them (Zhao and Thomson, 2006). Another likelihood that can help take your business to a subsequent stage is amalgamation, a mix of firms (at least two) to one new firm. One of the joined firms runs that new firm. Amalgamations and mergers are impeccable choice that prompts augmenting the development of the organization (Zhao and Thomson, 2006). This will help diminish the creation expenses and along these lines items will be offered at costs that are increasingly serious henceforth, catching enormous pieces of the overall industry. Having many traffic and pages on web that duplicates without fail, there is a need to make your site to be progressively noticeable. It is likewise imperative to program and plan your site in an extremely great since your site page substance are the ones that will pull in or attract guests to your site and make them lasting to your site (Zhao and Thomson, 2006). Extending comprehensively is something other than developing as far as clients and deals. This will empower coordinate the best innovations for increasingly effective business (Zhao and Thomson, 2006). There will likewise be expanded pieces of the overall industry that will empower acknowledge continued

If It's Legal, It's Ethical; and Besides, Everyone Does It Essay

On the off chance that It's Legal, It's Ethical; furthermore, Everyone Does It - Essay Example Gathering fence stock investments, Raj Rajaratnam acquired inside data through supporting the graduation celebrations of a few youthful officials in significant organizations, for example, Intel. Arthur Anderson and Credit Suisse First Boston Corporation (CSFB) destroyed archives that would be critical in pending Enron examinations. The results of such practices were exorbitant lawful suits by the SEC, loss of financial specialist trust in the business (Jennings, 2012). Different officials were condemned for long terms in prison. There are no drawbacks seriously if organizations don't take part in indistinguishable practices from those of the business. Organizations that carry on morally will accomplish higher notoriety and trust from customers therefore increasing a serious edge in the market. On the off chance that organizations don't follow the dishonest business practices, they will stay away from exorbitant suits by the SEC and addition showcase notoriety (Jennings, 2012). A portion of the negative ramifications for organizations that embraced industry rehearses incorporate exorbitant suits by the SEC, loss of speculator certainty and chapter 11. Such organizations contorted the market costs and prompted decrease in the market capitalization since certain financial specialists sold their stocks underneath the issue costs so as to maintain a strategic distance from further misfortunes. In the event that everybody in the business is carrying on deceptively, it won't be hard for one to be gotten. The Securities and Exchange Commission continually screens the exchanges of each budgetary character after grievances of insider exchanging subsequently encouraging the distinguishing proof of criminal and untrustworthy practices. Then again, the SEC requires the presumed people to willfully aid the examination so as to fit the bill for mercy in the trading of the insider exchanging and showcase control declaration (Jennings,

The civil war Essay Example for Free

The common war Essay The manual reveals to us that Rockingham observed the standard Norman example which comprised of an external bailey, patio, drawbridge and a shade divider. Rockingham was a spot for significant authentic occasions for instance in 1096 lord William II held a discussion there. Source 13 discloses to us that the Domesday book says Rockinham was worked in 1066, source 15 says William manufactured the château and source 1 says Rockingam was a common Motte and bailey mansion both source 13 and 15 help the manual yet the manual doesn't reveal to us that Rockingham having 2 baileys was strange we realize it was from the charts in the Bayeux woven artwork. In any case, I believe that the manual is a solid wellspring of data on when Rockingham was first fabricated. The manual discloses to us that Rockingham was consistently visited by lords. Lord John visited Rockingham in each time of his rule. During the rule of Edward I regal structure peaked at Rockingham, during this time windows and chimneys were introduced. The gigantic round towers were added to the entryway house. The last ruler to utilize Rockingham as an imperial living arrangement was Henery V in 1422. Source 16 shows the progressions Edward made to the château, source 3 discloses to us Edward I manufactured gatehouses for a large number of his mansions and source 5 is an image of Caerphilly manor indicating a case of Edwards assembling, the fundamental shape and configuration is a lot of like Rockingham. I think the proof backings the manual as both reveal to us that Edward made enhancements. The manual portrays Rockingham as an imperial fortification and royal residence. This is valid however the drum towers were included on the grounds that it was the style at that point. This proposes Rockingham was not utilized for barrier as Caerphilly might have been. This shows the manual misrepresents somewhat to educate us regarding the brilliant period of Rockingham. So I feel that the manual is solid regarding this matter. The manual discloses to us that Rockingham was dependent upon enormous changes after it was purchased by Edward Watson in 1544. Most of the manual informs us concerning the progressions produced using 1544 to make rockingham into a dignified home. Source 15 reveals to us that the greater part of the structure work at Rockingham is Tudor not Norman, the first passage of source 17 educates us concerning Edward Watson. Source 22 is a nineteenth century plan yet it shows the progressions that were made and source 20 shows an etching by Lavinia Watson demonstrating Rockingham as a home. I think the manual is solid as the sources bolster the impression given by the manual. Source 15 is solid as Derek Avery in his book states fundamental realities which concur with the manual. The manual reveals to us that Lewis Watson purchased the house from James I and it informs us concerning harm the stronghold endured during the common war. Source 17 educates us regarding the disfavor of Lewis Watson. He was a Royalist and lost the palace to the Parliamentarians. It reveals to us that the Parliamenntarians devastated the keep, source 18 shows the keep before it was decimated and source 12 informs us regarding how the Parliamentarians crushed strongholds. I dont think the manual is dependable as it dosent really expound on the common war. This could be on the grounds that Lewis Watson was disrespected by Oliver Cromwell and put into jail. Source 17 is composed by a descendent who had no motivation to lie. This probably won't have been in the manual since it doesn't make Lewis watson look great. My decision is that te manual makes Rockingham seem as though it was and still is a masterful home. The manual was delivered to educate us concerning how great Rockingham was and to show the entirety of the high focuses in Rockinghams history. I think the manual is solid about when Rockingham was first assembled, upgrades in the medieval times and Rockingham as a masterful home yet I dont contemplate Rockingham during the common war since it needs to show Rockingham in a decent light and not the shortcomings it had during the common war.

How Do I Write More Topics on My Essay and Make It More Interesting?

How Do I Write More Topics on My Essay and Make It More Interesting?How do I write more topics on my essay and make it more interesting? As a student, you should strive to know how you can answer all your questions with your essay as your topic. If you are an aspiring author, then you must know the importance of knowing how to write more topics.The importance of knowing how to write more topics on your essay and make it more interesting will be the determining factor for you whether you can finish your assignment. In this article, I will give you some good tips on how to write more topics on your essay and make it more interesting. You should try to focus on your topic while writing your essay. The best way to do this is to plan out your topic by selecting one.When you have decided on your topic, you can now go back to your outline and start looking for different topics to use. Some people look for several different topics but I suggest that you take only one topic and focus on it as your main topic. This will allow you to choose topics on other subjects easily.Another important thing that you must keep in mind while writing your essay is to stay organized. In order to accomplish this, you should use the right research tools that will help you organize your assignments. When you have finished writing your essay, you must make sure that you use these tools so that you will not forget what was written in your essay.Lastly, when you are writing your essay, it is important that you are organized. To do this, you must keep your paper together and organize it. Make sure that all your papers are in the same section or papers. You may also arrange your papers according to the topic that you have chosen.When you know how to write more topics on your essay and make it more interesting, you can feel satisfied when you see the finished result. Now that you know how to write more topics on your essay and make it more interesting, you must learn the key to ensure that you wi ll finish your assignment without any issues.Knowing how to write more topics on your essay and make it more interesting will allow you to improve your ability to complete your assignments. It is very important to remember that you will use these topics on your essay to be able to understand the text better. If you will write these topics, you will enjoy doing it will be very easy for you to write what you have wanted to write.

The Effects Of Livestock On Global Climate Change - 794 Words

What is one major cause of global climate change? One major cause of global climate change is the emission of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere, which causes the warming of the Earth. These greenhouse gases are a result of human activities. Animal agriculture directly and indirectly contributes to the human activities that cause hazardous amounts of methane and carbon dioxide emissions. The impacts of livestock on global climate change are often underestimated and ignored; hence, these greenhouse gases are being emitted into the atmosphere at an increasing rate with population increase. The impacts of livestock on global climate change needs to be addressed to undermine its negative effects globally. The impacts of livestock on global climate change are important to the health of the ecosystem because it causes the average global temperature to increase. Livestock contributes to the majority of methane emitted into the atmosphere because of the feces it produces. The growing popul ation increase is not helpful to this matter because as a result, a demand of food arises. This demand for food also includes the demand for livestock because it is appropriate for the human diet. â€Å"Meat production is to double from 229 million tonnes in [2000] to 465 million tonnes in 2050† (McMichael et al. 1259). The methane emission rate is bound to increase because it is â€Å"dependent upon the population size of the [livestock], their productivity, and [handling system]† (Jose et al. 3).Show MoreRelatedFood Industry And Global Warming946 Words   |  4 PagesFood Industry and Global Warming Global Warming is a rising issue for all the creatures on the Earth. Scientists haven been discovering the reasons and solutions for the global environmental changes for decades. Also, because of the effort of the scientists and media, people got aware of the great impacts of green house effect. However, most people only know that global warming is caused by the industries, manufactures or transportations, and neglect another huge factor of the environment, theRead MoreThe Effects of Climate Change: Agriculture and Livestock1078 Words   |  5 Pages Climate change is one of the major issues surfacing earth over the past century. The earth’s temperature has increased over the years leading to detrimental effects on the economic and life sources of people, especially that of agricultural production and livestock. The Merriam-Webster online dictionary (2014), defined climate change as a change in global climate patterns apparent from the mid late 20th century. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, IPCC, (2007) predicts that by 2100Read MoreAnimal Production And Its Effect On The Climate Change979 Words   |  4 PagesLivestock production needs to change in order to Prevent Climate Change According to the International Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) there is a scientific consensus that the earths climate id being affected by human activities. The IPCC s conclusion is that most of the observed warming of the last 50 years is likely to have been due to the increase in greenhouse gas concentrations. (McCarthy 2001, p.21) . â€Å"Greenhouse gases are accumulating in Earth s atmosphere as a result of human activitiesRead MoreEnvironmental And Humanitarian Issue Of Climate Change1727 Words   |  7 Pagesclearest and foremost environmental and humanitarian issue the world faces today is climate change yet, you would almost not seem to know given the little attention major News Corporations, such as ABC, NBC, FOX, and CBS spend on addressing, or even acknowledging for that matter, the issue. Just last year in 2015, all four of these major networks together spent a grand total of 146 minutes of airtime discussing climate change. To put that into perspective, all four o f those major networks together spentRead MoreThe Effects Of Global Warming On The Environment1453 Words   |  6 Pagesas industrialization, livestock farming and the increase in recent population have all caused serious environmental impacts that have let to dramatic global climate change. â€Å"Scientists generally agree that the globe has warmed over the past 40 years, due largely to human activities that raise carbon-dioxide levels in the atmosphere† (Clemet). Greenhouse gasses have always existed, but not to the extent that they do in today’s world; they are causing a dramatic change in climate and causing major environmentalRead MoreDoes The Usa Have A Moral Obligation On End Meat And Dairy Subsidies?1394 Words   |  6 PagesThe USA Have a Moral Obligation to End Meat and Dairy Subsidies? In this essay, I will defend the argument that the United States has a moral obligation to abolish meat and dairy subsidies in order to mitigate the adverse affects of climate change. Cows and other livestock emit a large portion of the world’s total greenhouse gas emissions into the atmosphere, more than the entire transportation industry. Yet, the meat and dairy industry has faced few if any regulations to attempt to decrease these emissionsRead MoreThe Effects Climate Change Has on Agriculture and Livestock818 Words   |  3 PagesClimate change is one of the major issues surfacing earth over the past century. The earth’s temperature has increased over the years; having effects on the economic and life sources of people, especially through agricultural production and livestock’s. According to the Oxford dictionary, climate change is a change in global climate patterns apparent from the mid late 20th century. There are numerous factors that are solely responsi ble for this change which are both natural and man-made causes. ClimateRead MoreGlobal Warming Is The Rise1536 Words   |  7 PagesGlobal warming is the rise in the earth’s average atmospheric temperature. When sunlight heats the ground surface, it releases most of the solar energy it has absorbed as infrared radiation. Then what is known as the â€Å"greenhouse effect† occurs, this is where the gases in the atmosphere absorb the re-radiated infrared radiation and the escape of these gases being released into space is prevented. As long as the composition of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere does not change, the heat in the atmosphereRead MoreThe Issue Of Global Warming1605 Words   |  7 Pagesof global warming is controversial and there are people claiming that global warming is only a fiction instead of a fact. However, research from scientists found that at the beginning of 2000, unprecedented warming was recorded and the Arctic ice has melted to the lowest lev els in the recorded history. Moreover, the sea level has also risen by eight inches since 1870 (â€Å"The Scientific Truth about Climate Change†). Although natural forcing mechanisms alone cannot explain the formation of global warmingRead MoreSave the planet by cutting down on meat? 1445 Words   |  6 Pagesopposition to the former UN climate chief suggestion that the whole of human race should shun meat and consider converting vegetarianism, so as to, save earth from climate change. In response to this, Johnson argues that, he is simply not converting to vegetarianism just because the former UN climate chief had asked the whole of the human race to avoid meat. UN-FAO figures propose that, meat production puts more Green House Gases (GHG’s herein after) than the general global transport network. As reported

Guidelines Of Regulations And Emerging Trends Of Privacy...

Write a short paper (2-4 pages) discussing regulations and emerging trends in Privacy and Security as they relate to Healthcare Data. New technologies are changing the healthcare by incorporating into the existing infrastructure. Paper-based patient records are converting to electronic format, from this patients can get an access to their record. Even by placing a specialized sensor in patients home make monitoring patient much more feasible. Overall this technology makes an improvement on the quality of healthcare. Which also reduce medical errors and healthcare cost. While there are so many advantages of the technology, related privacy and security matters need to be evaluated to make these systems generally acceptable. How an organization protects and gather data is data privacy. Which is basically more about what information is collected and how it is using and transferring. When it comes to healthcare, it becomes much more challenging. Healthcare data such as electronic medical records, medical imaging and healthcare system protecting the privacy of patients’ personal data and securing the IT infrastruc ture become challenging. Accessing patients’ data is one of the major security threat for the healthcare organizations. Emerging trends of healthcare privacy and security, heightened enforcement and increased forfeits have increased to address the security risk. According to ITRC Breach Report by the Identity Theft Resource Center, in the first three months of 2013 alone,Show MoreRelatedInformation Technology For Public Health Institute Center Essay1844 Words   |  8 Pagesbe truly interoperable, federal guidelines must be met to ensure the information can easily be accessed by those who need it. A hospital facility would benefit greatly from telecommunication technology that allows physicians to easily place orders and access results on a portable device to facilitate and decide care. According to the Health Information Technology for Economic and Clinical Health Act (HITECH) mobile health (mHealth) capitalizes on the growing trend of smart phones by utilizing softwareRea d MoreModern Federal, State, And Local Governments1298 Words   |  6 PagesModern federal, state, and local governments must deal with changes in technology and changes in society and culture. One emerging technology is the proliferation of drone technology in the hands of private citizens. Christ Pritchard, writing in Journal Of The Australian New Zealand Institute Of Insurance Finance, suggests that â€Å"[c]urrent usage patterns show it’s a safe bet that drones are destined to play an increasingly important role in business relationships† (Pritchard, 2015). Once solelyRead MoreCurrent Marketing Performance1166 Words   |  5 Pagesmarketing function of an organisation. Their responsibilities include analysing information on the internal and external business and marketing environment; examining current marketing performance; identifying new marketing opportunities arising from emerging trends; and devising strategies to achieve overall business objectives. Indi viduals operating at this level will generally conduct these activities using information gathered by people working under their direct and indirect supervision at lower levelsRead MoreFuture Information Security Trends17051 Words   |  69 PagesInformation Security Trends Kasi Research Project Tekes Safety and Security Research Program Final Report, March 11, 2011 Olli Pitkà ¤nen, Risto Sarvas, Asko Lehmuskallio, Miska Simanainen, Vesa Kantola Helsinki Institute for Information Technology HIIT / Aalto University Mika Rautila, Arto Juhola, Heikki Pentikà ¤inen VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ossi Kuittinen Sitra Executive Summary This report presents the major findings of the research project Kasi – Future Information Security TrendsRead MoreE Commerce1203 Words   |  5 Pagesmedia Electronic Data Interchange (EDI), the business-to-business exchange of data E-mail and fax and their use as media for reaching prospective and established customers (for example, with newsletters) Business-to-business buying and selling The security of business transactions Internationally there is the International Consumer Protection and Enforcement Network (ICPEN), which was formed in 1991 from an informal network of government customer fair trade organisations. The purpose was stated asRead MoreProject Implementation Of Mobile Computing Environment For High Performance1731 Words   |  7 PagesCapstone Project Plan Name: Parth Panchal Student ID: 11569876 Title: Emerging Technology and Innovation Topic Task Scheduling Methods in Cluster Computing Environment for High Performance Weekly Progress Reports Plan (In class, Discussion Board or Project Blog entries) Week 1-3 Rationale Parallel computing perform concurrently execution tasks on distributed nodes. Large application split up into tasks and run on number on nodes for high performance computing. Cluster environment composedRead MoreHealth And Safety At Work Act1507 Words   |  7 PagesTask 2 There are quite a few legislations and guidelines that organizations have to work within such as Health and Safety at Work Act (1974) also known as (HASW), it’s the primary legislation covering health related in England. Under this Act it’s important that employers undertake risk assessment, communicate health and Safety to their employees and anyone who may be affected by its activities. It also requires employee’s’ to maintain the working environment, handling dangerous substances and toRead MoreGlobal Security Law And Act Of Network Security2771 Words   |  12 PagesIntroduction Global Security Law / Act of Network Security Global security also called International security. International security consists of the measures taken by nations and international organizations, such as the United Nations, to ensure mutual survival and safety. These measures include military action and diplomatic agreements such as treaties and conventions. International and national security is invariably linked. International security is national security or state security in the globalRead MoreLittle Falls Hospital Risk Management Plan1461 Words   |  6 Pagesmanagement activities that may affect the organization’s finances. The role of the risk manager is to maintain a proactive risk management program in compliance with the provisions of federal, state, and local statutes, applicable scope of practice and regulations. The organization may participate with voluntary accrediting organizations. The risk manager is responsible for creating, implementing, and evaluating the outcome of the risk management plan. These activities should be coordinated with quality/performanceRead MoreOnline Banking Essays2750 Words   |  11 Pagesattempt to retrieve it. Identity theft, fraud, and security breaches are a few of the issues that surround this new technology. There are organizations dedicated to overseeing the developments of online banking. These organizations provide guidances and regulations to assist in resolving the issues outlined above. History of Online Banking The first online banking service was offered by Presidential Savings Bank beginning October 6, 1995. Security First Network Bank followed suit, as an Internet-only

Movies Of 2001 Essay Example For Students

Movies Of 2001 Essay 1.Cast Away.   Yahoo Online: Netscape Navigator. http://castawaymovie.com/index2.html March 19, 2001 This article emphasizes the idea that no matter how many obstacles are put in our path, we will find ways to accept them.   This article is well written, but has limited amounts of information present. 2. Cavemans Valentine. Yahoo Online: Netscape Navigator. http://www.beatboxbetty.com/moviereviews/moviereviews1/moviereviews1.htm #cavemansvalentine March 18, 2001 This article states that there are many nice touches to the thriller.   Samuel L. Jackson portrays his character very well.   This article does not have much information on Cavemans Valentine, but it written well. 3. Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon Dogpile Online: Netscape Navigator. http://www.findaarticles.com/m1312/1_379/62496416/p1/article.html March 18,2001 This article describes Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon as The Matrix of traditional martial arts films. This movie of revenge is brought to life by its magnificent combat scenes.   This article provides a great review and is written well. We will write a custom essay on Movies Of 2001 specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now 4. Down to Earth. Google Online: Netscape Navigator. http://hollywood.com/movies/downtoearth/index.html March 17, 2001 The synopsis of this movie reveals that Down to Earth is based on the 1978 movie Heaven can Wait. This article gives a detailed description of the movie and is easy to read. 5. Enemy at the Gates. Dogpile Online: Netscape Navigator. http://www.filmreview.co.uk/db/review.cgi?enemyatthegates March 20, 2001 The article tells of how Enemy at the Gates brings to life the battle of Stalingrad.   The movie is very long and there is not suspense or action to hold the viewers attention.   The article is well written and clearly explains the movie. 6. Ebert, Roger. Billy Elliot. Yahoo Online: Netscape Navigator. http://www.suntimes.com/Ebert/Ebert_reviews/2000/10/10/302.html March 21, 2001 Ebert describes Billy Elliot as awkwardly put together and unexplainable shifts in characters.   This article is well written and easy to understand. 7. Fellowship of The Rings. Google Online: Netscape Navigator http://movies.ign.com/preview/2014.html March 20, 2001 This article describes Fellowship of the Rings an amazing picture that are dead on the books, and bring them to life.   The article not smoothly written and lacks much description. 8. Finding Forrester. Dogpile Online: Netscape Navigator http://spe.sony.com/movies/findingforrester/html March 20,2001 This article includes director Van Sants views of how Finding Forrester is a progression form his Good Will Hunting.   This article is focused on the directors and screenwriters views of the film.   It is   written well and easily readable. 9. Fred, Chris. 15 Minutes. Google Online: Netscape Navigator. http://www.movie-list.com/num.15minutes.shtml Fred describes 15 Minutes as trying to portray the truth about the society of America.   This article is poorly written. 10. Holt, Dera. Traffic. Yahoo Online: Netscape Navigator. http://indie-review.com/movies/traffic.html March 17, 2001 Holt describes the films great writing, compelling plot, and amazing cinematography.   Traffic is one of the best movies of the year.   This article is well written and covers all parts of the movie. 11. Knockaround Guys. Google Online: Netscape Navigator. http://www.movie-source.com/jk/knockaroundguys/ March 21, 2001 This review explains that Knockaround Guys has a pointless plot and no excitement.   This article is poorly written and is strongly opinionated. 12. The Mexican. Google Online: Netscape Navigator. http:// www.eonline.com/reviews/facts/movies/reviews/0.1052,81466,100.html March 18, 2001 This article brings up that Brad Pitt and Julia Roberts share few scenes and have a lack of on screen chemistry.   The article is written in a humorous fashion and is lacks much length. 13. The Mummy Returns. Yahoo Online: Netscape Navigator. http://movies.go.com/movies/M/mummyreturnsthe_2001/ March 19, 2001 The synopsis of The Mummy Returns explains the reuniting of Fraser and Weisz who store the remains of a mummy.   This article is poorly written and describes little about the movie. 14. OBrother Where Art Thou. Google Online: Netscape Navigator. http://www.rottentomatoes.com/click/movie-1102021/review.php?critic=approvedsortby=defaultpage=1rid=172231 March 19, 2001 The article explains the Coen brothers genius as they have turned Homers Odyssey into an adventure through the American south during the Great Depression. This article is well written and clearly explains every aspect of the movie. .ue2ea6ba62f43462f162f55c911f12130 , .ue2ea6ba62f43462f162f55c911f12130 .postImageUrl , .ue2ea6ba62f43462f162f55c911f12130 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ue2ea6ba62f43462f162f55c911f12130 , .ue2ea6ba62f43462f162f55c911f12130:hover , .ue2ea6ba62f43462f162f55c911f12130:visited , .ue2ea6ba62f43462f162f55c911f12130:active { border:0!important; } .ue2ea6ba62f43462f162f55c911f12130 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ue2ea6ba62f43462f162f55c911f12130 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ue2ea6ba62f43462f162f55c911f12130:active , .ue2ea6ba62f43462f162f55c911f12130:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ue2ea6ba62f43462f162f55c911f12130 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ue2ea6ba62f43462f162f55c911f12130 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ue2ea6ba62f43462f162f55c911f12130 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ue2ea6ba62f43462f162f55c911f12130 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ue2ea6ba62f43462f162f55c911f12130:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ue2ea6ba62f43462f162f55c911f12130 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ue2ea6ba62f43462f162f55c911f12130 .ue2ea6ba62f43462f162f55c911f12130-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ue2ea6ba62f43462f162f55c911f12130:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: King Sejong the Great Essay15. Planet of the Apes. Google Online: Netscape Navigator. http:// members.tripod.com/planetOapes/ March 19, 2001 This article explains that Planet of the Apes is inspired by the entire series of Planet of the Apes and not just the first film.   This article is well written and covers a good amount of aspects of the movie. 16. Samdahl, Erik. Crocodile Dundee in Los Angeles. Netscape Navigator http://www.movie-source.com/c/crocodiledundee3/index.html March 20, 2001 Samdahl believes that this movie will have some time in th spotlight, but without a good reception it will fade away quickly.   This movie may put Paul Hogan back in the movies for a short while.   This article is well written and easily comprehended. 17. See Spot Run. Google Online: Netscape Navigator. http://members/s/seespotrun/html March 17, 2001 This article explains See Spot Run as a twisted pathetic spoof of Turner and Hooch with a stupid plot line and lame characters.   This article is short and to the point and easily understandable. 18. Snatch. Google Online: Netscape Navigator. http://entertainment.chickclick.com/articles/18101p1.html March 18, 200l This article explains that Snatch is a brilliant comedy that will be the movie of 2001.   The movie is full of British slang that is hard to understand to an untrained ear.   This article is well written and covers many aspects of the movie. 19. Stax. Hannibal. Dogpile Online: Netscape Navigator. http://www.screenwritersutopia.com/script_reviews/Hannibal.html March 19, 2001 This article compares the new Hannibal to the original.   The new Hannibal has new scenes, better use of dialogue, and much improvement.   This article is well written and has much detail about the movie. 20. 3000 Miles to Graceland. Alta Vista Online: Netscape Navigator. http://www.movietickets.com/movie_review.asp?_id=29557 March 18, 2001 This article displays the adventure between two cell mates planning to pull off the heist of a life time.   This article is well written and stated clearly.

Learn How to Write a College Admission Essay Prompts for 2017-2018

So you have been looking to apply to a university, and they have asked you to complete a college admission essay there is no need to worry! Here at Essay service have put together a handy free guide to help you get into your chosen college. Contents Easy to use college admission essay format Pre-writing stage College admission essay prompts for 2017 - 2018 College admission essay template Introduction Body of text Conclusion Top tips to get into your chosen college College admission essay common mistakes Easy to use college admission essay format If you have never completed an application before it is not a problem as they all use a similar design. You will be given college admission essay prompts or questions which are usually the same for most universities. Then you will be asked to complete an essay based on your chosen prompt. Basically, it doesn't matter too much which question you chose but what is vital that your writing is up to the job! Once you have chosen your desired prompt, then it comes down to your essay. This should be something you have previously thought about and already written in advance as being prepared before the deadline will be hugely beneficial. There are two ways in which you can plan your college admission essay outline: Prompt then plan method - In this way students first read the prompt then plan out the article based on the desired question. Backward Brainstorming - Students should first write an essay that they feel is meaningful and inspiring and then ponder the prompts later. Pre-writing stage Before diving into your college admission essay, it is always a good idea to take a step back from your ideas for the questions and plan out what you want to write. This will make the process of writing the work much faster and easier in the long run. Firstly organize the most positive aspects that you want to say. Brainstorm all the points then you can develop the best ones later after deciding what to keep. Set a word limit for each point. Once you have decided on a total word limit for the whole article break down each point or paragraph and keep to the approximate amount of words. Create a rough draft. Once your brainstorm and ideas are in place with desired word limits, you can then write a first draft which can be added to later. College admission essay prompts for 2017 - 2018 Most questions are the same every year but with minor changes to the wording for example. This year two new prompts have been added to the selection and now is the time to start planning your work so you can get your application handed in as soon as possible to give you the best advantage. Two new prompts: â€Å" Describe a topic, idea, or concept you find so engaging that it makes you lose all track of time. Why does it captivate you? What or who do you turn to when you want to learn more?† â€Å" Share an essay on any topic of your choice. It can be one you've already written, one that responds to a different prompt, or one of your own design. † Five revised prompts: â€Å" Some students have a background, identity, interest, or talent that is so meaningful they believe their application would be incomplete without it. If this sounds like you, then please share your story. † â€Å" The lessons we take from obstacles we encounter can be fundamental to later success. Recount a time when you faced a challenge, setback, or failure. How did it affect you, and what did you learn from the experience? † â€Å" Reflect on a time when you questioned or challenged a belief or idea. What prompted your thinking? What was the outcome? † â€Å" Describe a problem you've solved or a problem you'd like to solve. It can be an intellectual challenge, a research query, an ethical dilemma - anything that is of personal importance, no matter the scale. Explain its significance to you and what steps you took or could be taken to identify a solution. † â€Å" Discuss an accomplishment, event, or realization that sparked a period of personal growth and a new understanding of yourself or others. † College admission essay template Here is a template to use as a guide for your work, fill in the information for you and remember to keep it interesting. Introduction - Introduce the topic and yourself, include a â€Å"hook.† Body of text - Make this your evidence of you, backup with examples. Conclusion - Finish with some positive, thought provoking sentences. Introduction It is vital to write an interesting yet informative introduction to your college admission essay and also yourself. Including a â€Å"hook† will only benefit you and not make the admissions officer bored to tears of reading a pile of admission papers. Think of something perhaps thought provoking and makes the reader want to read more of the article. The introduction should somehow make you stand out from the other applicants, it's only a paragraph so do not waste the precious word count. Remember the reader will get a feel for the applicant in this first impression. So do not let your application fall into the unaccepted pile before being read. Once you have introduced yourself and the topic without going into too much detail, you can lead onto the body of the work. Body of text Make sure when writing down the main body of the essay you separate each point into paragraphs and support all the evidence with examples. For instance, if you have to write about how dedicated you are to something then provide examples and say what certificates you achieved for this. Keep your writing interesting and vary the length of the sentences. Also, try to use transition words and phrases between sections and sentences so that the reader will still be intrigued and the college admission essay does look like a list of facts about you. It is important to make a focused article and try not to drift off topic otherwise it could look like an ordinary resume. Conclusion When writing the college admission essay conclusion try to tie up all the evidence previously stated into one or two important ideas. Make the last statements in the conclusion memorable so to leave a good impression on the reader and even use the best vocabulary available. Do not over word your sentences to sound more intelligent. Advanced vocabulary should be used to spice up the work, but if overused it can make it pompous so check that the level synonyms are fitting to the topic and your own writing style. Top tips to get into your chosen college So we have put together the most helpful college admission essay tips to give you the best chances of beating admission. Start early. Now is the time to begin writing and applying for college and the sooner you get your application handed in, the better the chances to get accepted. Be yourself. Always demonstrate the best points of yourself but do not make up details that are not true, they will find out and possibly just from reading the work. Thoroughly analyze the prompt. The actual essay is not the most key element so do not get distracted and make sure you fully understand the question. Also coming back to the prompt later to get new ideas might help. Show rather than tell. Students forget to demonstrate and backup their achievements which then counts for nothing in the end, put down why or how you are what you say to be. Be vivid. An essay should be like a story with good descriptions so be clear and paint a good picture with your words. Do not write a mundane college admission essay. Try to stand out. Remember there are lots of other students applying so make sure you can show that you are different from everybody else and be controversial in a good way. Be careful with humor use. Being funny can be good in certain situations but you do not know the admissions officer and therefore do not know how they will respond. Only use humor if it’s necessary then double think it. Proofread. This is vital, make sure you proofread it and do not simply hand it in after a quick spell check. Let others give a second opinion even a teacher or other professional. After you have got some corrections and feedback do not be scared to make multiple revisions of the work. College admission essay common mistakes Making it too long. Include all the important details about yourself but remember to not make it too long as there are many other students applying at the same time as you. A guideline for a college admission essay length would be minimum 250 words and 650 max. Submitting a resume. Write with transitional words and phrases to make it look interesting and keep the focus on the essay rather than listing achievements. Repeating yourself. Do not bore the reader by overstating achievements, keep it intriguing and only say something once. Telling a college what you think they want to hear. Only describe yourself in an interesting way, after all, you are unique. Do not write false facts you think they want to hear. Over embellishing accomplishments. Only include true achievements as any false information may be detected and can affect your application. Admissions can check any stated certificates as well as possibly detecting any lies. Waiting until the last minute. This is the perfect time to start as admissions are just opening now, the later you submit the application it will decrease the chances of getting accepted. Also handing in on the deadline day could leave the application getting lost and not even being looked at. Still need more help? If you still feel that you need extra college admission essay help then do not worry as here at Essay service we have a dedicated team of writers from various academic backgrounds to make your custom essay for you. We are not just a college admission essay writing service but can also proofread any text and give recommendations to improve your essay so you will be accepted to your chosen college. There are also a complete listing of free guides and blogs to help you with all other writing tasks.

Celeste Ray’s Essays

Celeste Ray’s Essays Celeste Ray’s Paper Celeste Ray’s Paper In Celeste Ray’s book: Highland Heritage: Scottish Americans in the South. The author takes a close look at what it means to be Scottish in America and more specifically, in the American South. Ray takes a scholarly approach to Scottish immigration to the South in several chapters that deal with the construction of Scottish identity, the emergence of the heritage movement in the Carolinas as well as the reemergence of the Highland Games. Ray traces the history of this movement and shows how it includes diverse threads of Scottish identity.In the preface to Highland Heritage: Scottish Americans in the American South, Celeste Ray explains that she had meant to write a different book, on the archaeology of Iron Age Europe. Fortunately for the anthropology of British populations, her project changed into a richly documented, long-term, regional analysis of the southern Scottish heritage movement. Centered on the Cape Fear Valley of North Carolina, home of the largest settlement of Highlanders in the United States, the study deals not only with the heritage of the approximately 20,000 Highlanders who settled in North Carolina before the American Revolution but also with that of subsequent waves of settlers from other Scottish regions, as well.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In Ray’s book, she rejects the influential ideology that Euro-American ethnicity is generally in decline and that many pe ople claim Scottish or Celtic identity, distinct from the contrasting Anglo-Saxon identity. The Scottish heritage movement celebrates the combining of   Ã‚  Ã¢â‚¬Å"historical incidents, folk memories, selected traditions, and often sheer fantasy to interpret a past in a form meaningful for a particular group or individual at a particular point in time.† (Ray, 2000). Ray also includes festivals deep in heritage in Scotland and the relationships between the groups of the Scottish within their homeland and in the south as well.   Ray points out that half of all Scottish societies and one-third of the 200 U.S. clan gatherings and festivals are located in the South. After nine years of participating in and interviewing at community events, Ray studies the identity politics borne out in the attire, oral traditions, publications, clan pride, the role of women, songs and dances, heritage dinners, game innovations and displays of weaponry.Ray is very forthright about the irony of t his movement. From the situation in which American tourist dollars pay for the upkeep of castles, whose eighteenth century owners demands probably pushed Scots into leaving, while much that is regarded as traditional was invented by English landowners in the Victorian period of the 19th century. Much of this book asks for further development in more detail. Questions such as: How do movies like Braveheart and Rob Roy change the way in which this movement operates? How will Scottish devolution affect the way in which Scotland relates to American tourists? What will the younger generation, interested in the competitive aspects of Highland games, make of it as they assume more control? How much influence will the Celtic fringe of Viking and Gaelic re-enactors have in the future, especially in confronting the conservative religious aspects of the movement? The movement encompasses both participants with a deep trans generational awareness of their heritage (Ray, 2000) and those who have reclaimed their identity. They participate in organizations and events throughout the year involving distinctive dress, food, and religious services, often reinforced and refreshed with transnational links to the Scottish homeland.Ray views the Scottish American travelers not as tourist but as pilgrims that have come to experience a culture that they see as theirs to partake of. (Ray, 2000) The visions of Highland past and heritage are continually being refined by the fact that heritage pilgrims seek out native authorities that engage in a mutual sharing dance and athletic techniques, music, and genealogical research. (Ray, 2000) These heritage pilgrimages also carry ritualistic and religious qualities. Many travel to Scotland because it is the home of their Presbyterian heritage. (Ray, 2000)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã ‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Ray also points out that there is a dramatic enhancement of the belief in shared kinship and a united identity among Scottish Americans through pilgrimages to Scotland by clan societies. The preservation of a chief’s residence and/or clan lands is the main goal of many clan societies. (135) There is a great drive among the clan societies to not only visit clan territories but also to enshrine an original site of clan residence. Those that do not have surviving ancestral estates or a chiefship are increasingly establishing heritage centers. This provides them with a focal point as their ancestral home. (Ray, 2000) This is not a reflection of the actual relict landscapes of black houses and clachans of ancestral emigrants rather it is a cognitive map of the clanscape that is oriented toward the home of the elite.(Ray, 2000)Ray’s work serves as a helpful work of literature in attempting to understand the behavior of modern Americans as they search for an identity and a community that conforms to the ideas of being â€Å"southern† as well. Ray explores how the Scottish themes and legends merge with southern culture and their identity to produce a unique offspring and a complex sense of identify for the Scottish living in the South. In this book, Ray asks how and why and where we use memories of our ancestral pasts to provide a sense of identity and community in the present. In this attempt to do so, Ray offers an original and insightful examination of what it means to be Scottish in America.

English Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 19

English - Essay Example The people, who watch over her in this condition, are Jason Posner, who solely resorts his faith in being a doctor. Another person is, Susie Monahan, who is a nurse with a humanitarian approach, she is the only one in the entire hospital who really cares for Vivians deplorable state. Dr. Kelekian is the head doctor in the hospital, who is just interested in the results; it does not matter to him, what they are. The doctors counsel for an untried treatment of painful chemotherapy, and she agrees to it. Partially it is her own choice, but also her own personal states of affairs force her to act so, she comes to a decision to endure the agony of the treatment by herself. However, as her treatment develops, she desires that she really had some more actually gentle human interface from the people who treat her as a human being and not just an object of research trial. The tone of this theatre is grim, and quite unlike to the name, ‘Wit’ is not explicit here; but the play has many intelligent moment of humor in it. The story revolves around a question of life and death, but has a much more intricate humanitarian tone in it. The excellent background music of piano helps to understand the underlying tone of the story more deeply. Emma Thompson’s outstanding performance and Mike Nichols’ excellent direction made it more appealing to the spectators. This theatrical production Stage Beauty (2004), is based on 1660s Londons theatres production of Londons theatres. The plot turns around the established system of gender positions in the theatre production houses. It intends to modify these gender issues for everyones benefit. Ned Kynaston is a homosexual, cross-dressing artist who has been portraying on-stage female characters in several plays for many years, mainly the role of Desdemona in Othello. He also shares a close bonding with a certain male co-actor. Gradually, the long and

Make one up Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 2

Make one up - Essay Example Religion has turned out to be one of the most influential parties in the issue of abortion. The laws of the land cannot also be ignored as they try to harmonize social issues and accommodate or reject abortion. On the same note, the pagans’ say on the matter has as well counted. All these aspects combined make abortion a complex issue across all known divides. The most important aspect in this case, however, is what the Goddess says about abortion. The Goddess holds abortion as one of the many forms of sacrifice. In this case, sacrifice practices are seen as a way of choosing between life and death. Most importantly, sacrifices are important to the Goddess. The more sacrifices humans make to the Goddess, the happier and satisfied she becomes. Those who sacrifice are also viewed as persons who can make essential decisions in life. The Goddess accepts sacrifices of many forms, and those made through abortion are just part of the sacrifice system. Abortion is all about love. Women who engage in abortion make sacrifices to the Goddess. This is a sign of love to the Goddess. On the other hand, women abort for varied reasons, all of which seem to conform to the Goddess’s system of taking sacrifices. In doing so, these women show their love in the death of the fetus. They have predetermined reasons to do so, a phenomenon that is held to be better for the unborn. As a result, abortion in this case becomes a way of expressing love to the unborn by women who abort. While religion would not hold any of the above to be the truth, the religion of the Goddess holds that some religions do not do women any good. This is evidenced by â€Å"the militant wing that identified patriarchal religion as the root of the problem of women subordination† (Stewart 280). The Goddess upholds the freedoms and rights of women, thereby countering the problem of subordination of women that is said to exist in patriarchal religion. Expression of love to

Some advantages and disadvantages of internet Essay Example for Free

Some advantages and disadvantages of internet Essay The internet which was once just a little puddle, now, have become an ocean; an ocean of knowledge. It is like a magical crystal ball which has an answer for every question of yours and the best thing about it is; it is completely free. I know how much I have learnt from the internet. How internet is better than books when it comes to knowledge? The answer to this would be the infinity of the internet. Plus, apart from this, learning from internet is much more fun. You have all kinds of videos about basically every topic that you can imagine of. Disadvantages If availability of knowledge helps people to do good things, it is also, a help for evil. There are thousands of websites which tells you ways to make a bomb or how to commit suicide. People even learn how to hack websites from the internet. Communication Advantages Another amazing thing about the internet is the communication that it makes possible. Most of the business firms communicate with each other with the help of e-mails. It is not only a faster way but also the safer way too. With internet you can video chat with a person who might be in some other continent as of yours. Disadvantages We are getting so use to of virtual communication that we are lacking a physical contact with our acquaintances. It is separating us from the real world around us, which I think smothers the development of personality of an individual. Smaller World Advantage Due to internet our world is becoming smaller and smaller. Computers which are connected to internet are connected to each other. This facilitates the transfer of a file or even a folder from one computer to another. Disadvantage Due to this connection your personal data can be stolen from your computer. Various kinds of virus, malware, and spyware enter your computer via internet. Convenience Advantages With the help of the internet we can do almost everything at home. We can do everything from paying bills to buying airline tickets, from finding jobs to ordering stuff. It sure saves us lots of time in this busy and competitive world. Apart from this, it also saves us energy so that you can put that energy to more productive things. Disadvantages Like every technology, internet too reduces your effort but in return it takes a toll on your health. As you can get practically everything sitting at your home you don’t go around physically. So, your physical activity goes to nil. I believe any type of transaction that you do on internet is unsafe. Hackers can suck all of your life’s savings if you use internet banking services. Virtual Information Advantage With more people relying on internet for getting information the usage of books will also reduce. This will decrease deforestation and will prove eco-friendly. Disadvantage If people will choose internet over books this will increase the energy consumption. Jobs Business Advantage Thousands of people are using internet to get their bread and butter. There are all types of jobs available on the internet from data entering to translation. Websites and blogs are solely internet based businesses and from what I know people are earning quite a healthy amount of money from it. You just need an idea and great determination to pull it off. Disadvantage To tell you the truth I don’t think there is a valid disadvantage to this but if I be a little strict a low wage might be one. I some cases, it depends upon the country in which you reside American and Europeans are paid highest. Entertainment Advantage I think more than anything mentioned above entertainment is the thing for which the internet is used. You can find almost every song made anywhere in the world on the internet and same is for movies. All sorts of multiplayer games can be played with an opponent who might be on the other side of the world; thanks to internet. Disadvantage Internet has encouraged the concept of piracy. Due to this, the individual or the production house or the music label that produces a particular piece of music/movie/video game ends up with a hole in their profits. Asking a question Advantage If there is a question in your mind of which no answer can be found neither in the books nor on the internet itself then, there are lots of sites available in which you can put a question and there will be millions of people answering it. As you don’t need to reveal any identity to do so; you can ask the most embarrassing questions. Disadvantage Most of the people answering these questions are not qualified professionals. This leads to lot of myths spreading around. Data Storage Advantage There are lots of sites on which you can store your vital data by paying a small rent of the hard disk that it takes. For very important things like wedding video or pictures which you don’t want to lose can be stored there because crashing of the hard drive is not a very rare sight now a days. Disadvantage We have seen endless number of times in history that these kinds of sites have been compromised by hackers. This creates a fear in the mind of users about the secrecy of their content. Social networking sites Advantages Social networks have changed our lives. It is like a virtual world. I personally think if you have an account in a social networking website then you are never alone. There is always something happening. I think the best part of social networking websites is, they can sometimes work like a support group because I feel someone can tell what they feel and people listen to it. It is like an outlet for your emotions, which, if kept inside screws an individual mind.

Christian Thoughts :: essays research papers

LONG AGO, or maybe not so long ago, there was a tribe in a dark, cold cavern. The cave dwellers would huddle together and cry against the chill. Loud and long they wailed. It was all they did. It was all they knew to do. The sounds in the cave were mournful, but the people didn’t know it, for had never known life. But then, one day, they heard a different voice. â€Å"I have heard your cries,† it announced. â€Å"I have felt your chill and seen your darkness. I have come to help.† The cave people grew quiet. They had never heard this voice. Hope sounded strange to their ears. â€Å"How can we know you have come to help?† â€Å"Trust me,† he answered. â€Å"I have what you need.† The cave people peered through the darkness at the figure of the stranger. He was stacking something, then stooping and stacking more. â€Å"What are you doing?† one cried, nervous. The stranger didn’t answer. â€Å"What are you making?† one shouted even louder. Still no response. â€Å"Tell us!† demanded a third. The visitor stood and spoke in the direction of the voices. â€Å"I have what you need.† With that he turned to the pile at his feet and lit it. Wood ignited, flames erupted, and light filled the cavern. The cave people turned away in fear. â€Å"Put it out!† they cried. â€Å"It hurts to see it.† â€Å"Light always hurts before it helps,† he answered. â€Å"Step closer. The pain will soon pass.† â€Å"Not I,† declared a voice. â€Å"Nor I,† agreed a second. â€Å"Only a fool would risk exposing his eyes to such light.† The stranger stood next to the fire. â€Å"Would you prefer the darkness? Would you prefer the cold? Don’t consult your fears. Take a step of faith.† For a long time no one spoke. The people hovered in groups covering their eyes. The firebuilder stood next to the fire. â€Å"It’s warm here,† he invited. â€Å"He’s right,† one from behind him announced. â€Å"It’s warmer.† The stranger turned and saw a figure slowly stepping toward the fire. â€Å"I can open my eyes now,† she proclaimed. â€Å"I can see.† â€Å"Come closer,† invited the fire builder. She did. She stepped into the ring of light. â€Å"It’s so warm!† She extended her hands and sighed as her chill began to pass. â€Å"Come, everyone! Feel the warmth,† she invited. â€Å"Silence, woman!† cried one of the cave dwellers. â€Å"Dare you lead us into your folly? Leave us and take your light with you.† She turned to the stranger. â€Å"Why won’t they come?

Femininity In “Dracula” Essay

Many critics and literary analysts believe that femininity or to some extent metamorphosis of women constitutes the central theme of Stoker’s â€Å"Dracula. † For instance, Kline explains that femininity occurs in two ways: first by the transformation of the â€Å"good† English women into sexually or intellectually challenging New Women, and then again when their â€Å"potentially revolutionary attributes †¦ are destroyed, one way or another† either through death, as seen with Lucy, or reduction to a silent (and therefore no longer intellectually challenging) inspirational figure, as occurs with Mina (Kline, 144). Explaining the idea behind women in Dracula Stoker argues that â€Å"†¦for women to deny their traditional role was to deny their womanhood, to challenge the distinctions between women and men upon which the family ~ and therefore society — depended† (Stoker, 206). Stoker’s â€Å"Dracula† addresses these concerns regarding femininity as outlined by Stoker and Kline, and contains examples of it, through the â€Å"brute force† and â€Å"sexual wantonness† of the vampire women that attack Jonathan, as well as Lucy’s transformation and the â€Å"masculine aggressiveness† represented by Mina’s capabilities. The men in the novel are established as representatives of a patriarchal society, but it is the authoritative presence of Van Helsing that is primarily used both to advocate a return to a patriarchal system, and to refeminize women through either denial of their abilities or by repeated insistence that they are objects of chivalric concern. The text is replete with examples where female identity is transformed. This is accomplished through a variety of methods that are, like the vampiric taint from the mixing of blood, interrelated. For example, Mina is transformed into an object of idealization and chivalric concern, and as a result of this â€Å"protection,† she is also attacked by Dracula and emotionally altered as a result of her exclusion – both of which occur precisely because the men remove her from their counsel and leave her unattended. The text is used to show that these women – in a sense â€Å"new women† representatives – are dangerous and in need of â€Å"correction,† which occurs in the novel through punishment, including death and destruction, and the denial of authority. The sexual aspects of the New Woman are vilified through association with the monstrosity of vampirism, and what vilifies the intellectual woman in the text is her challenge to male intellect and authority. The attack on the sexual woman begins with Jonathan’s assault by the vampire women at Castle Dracula, which then justifies the attack on Lucy when she takes over as their â€Å"modern† equivalent; since he gets no retribution against these vampire women, it is necessary in the text to have Lucy punished for her seemingly similar challenge to gender roles as a result of her potentially promiscuous behavior. The attack on the intellectual woman begins with what Johnson calls Mina’s â€Å"discourteous act† in first handing Van Helsing her shorthand diary, which he is unable to read. The sexual woman in the text is first represented by the â€Å"weird sisters† (Stoker, 80) at Castle Dracula, through both their role-reversing assault on Jonathan and their anti-maternal behavior in feeding on the â€Å"half-smothered child† given to them by Dracula when he halts their attack (Stoker, 71). These women symbolize what Griffins calls â€Å"the worst nightmare and dearest fantasy of the Victorian male: the pure girl turned sexually ravenous beast† (Stoker, 143), with these vampire women being classified as frightening — and by extension, all modern or sexual women ~ in part due to the emotional confusion they create in men. Although they are described by Jonathan as â€Å"ladies by their dress and manner† (Stoker, 68), having â€Å"brilliant white teeth, that shone like pearls† and â€Å"a silvery, musical laugh† (Stoker, 69), their effect on Jonathan is described, through his own reporting, to make him uneasy (69) due to their â€Å"deliberate voluptuousness which was both thrilling and repulsive† and his reaction that he â€Å"felt in my heart a wicked, burning desire that they would kiss me† (Stoker, 69). Interpreting Jonathan’s mixed emotions as resulting from a fear of an inability to sexually handle three women presents an interesting parallel later with Lucy, who wistfully speaks of being able to marry three men (Stoker, 91). By presenting women’s sexuality as aberrant and monstrous rationalizes the violence that is utilized in destroying Lucy and the vampire women, and the text is therefore suggesting, through this vampiric taint, that all sexual women are dangerous and need to be destroyed. It is this destruction, in addition to physical death, that sends the message that there is no redemption for â€Å"new women†. Seward’s diary records the event that lets Lucy â€Å"take her place with the other Angels† (253): â€Å"The Thing in the coffin writhed †¦ the sharp white teeth champed together till the lips were cut, and the mouth was smeared with a crimson foam. But Arthur †¦ [drove] deeper and deeper the mercy-bearing stake, whilst the blood from the pierced heart welled and spurted up around it† (Stoker, 254). Similarly, Van Helsing records â€Å"the horrid screeching as the stake drove home; the plunging of writhing form, and lips of bloody foam† as he â€Å"restore[s] these [vampire] women to their dead selves† (Stoker, 412). From the beginning of the novel Mina is presented as different from the vampire women, signifying that the woman who challenges gender roles through her intellect is different from the sexual woman. Jonathan’s journal distinguishes her from the â€Å"awful† vampire women: â€Å"Mina is a woman, and there is nought in common [with the vampire women]. They are devils of the Pit! † (Stoker, 85). Once the sexual woman has been dispensed of through Lucy’s death, the text then attacks the intellectual woman through Mina; and it is not until the former is eradicated that Mina’s talents are presented as dangerous or threatening. Although Charles Prescott and Grace Giorgio opine: â€Å"Lucy’s transformation and destruction function as cautionary examples for Mina. She learns not only that vampires and transgression must be brutally brought into line but also what can happen to anyone outside the Victorian codes of normalcy† (Stoker, 151), it is only after she is stripped of the ability to use her intellect, as she is silenced by Van Helsing and excluded through the presumably chivalric protection of the men, that she becomes sexual. Descriptions of violence against women – a retribution for their challenge to gender roles – serve to impart the message that there is no redemption for femininity, that despite any atonement or transformation, their transgressions are considered so heinous that they must be destroyed. Interestingly, the eradication of Dracula, described merely as his â€Å"crumbl[ing] into dust and pass[ing] from †¦ sight† (Stoker, 418), without the brutality that is levied against the female vampires, serves as proof that the destruction previously described is in reprisal for the female transgression of gender codes, and not a necessity in ending the threat of vampirism. Works Cited Stoker, Bram. Dracula. Ed. Glennis Byron. Ontario: Broadview Literary P, 2000 Kline, Salli J. The Degeneration of Women: Bram Stoker’s Dracula as Allegorical Criticism of the Fin de Siecle. Rheinbach-Merzbach: CMZ-Verlag, 1992

Tradition of Criminal Justice - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 10 Words: 2976 Downloads: 5 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Law Essay Type Compare and contrast essay Tags: Criminal Justice Essay Did you like this example? à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Compare and Contrast the Common Law tradition of Criminal Justice with the Civil Law tradition using actual examples where possibleà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  There is a general agreement that there are three major legal systems in the world; à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“English Common Law, Continental Civil Law, and Religious Lawà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  (S M Shahidullah, 2012:13). Each legal system carries their own individual traditions which help explore how the systems have developed over time and it is these legal traditions that are used within society to ensure it runs smoothly and effectively as they provide all citizens with rules which they must obey by and follow. This paper will aim to compare and contrast the general features of two of the three major legal systems which are the Common Law and Civil Law traditions of Criminal Justice, incorporating actual examples. The essay hopes to initially state a general background and history of what each type of Law is; befor e going on to compare and contrast each component of the Civil and Common Law traditions of Criminal Justice. The components to be discussed will generate a clear structure for this essay and will be as follows; firstly, Sources of Law; secondly, The Court Systems; thirdly, Justice Actors; and finally the Criminal Process, before concluding the essay. It is onto the history of each tradition in which this essay continues. Through briefly exploring the history of Civil and Common Law traditions it aids in an understanding of the essential philosophical foundations of both traditions. The Civil Law tradition is the older of the two and it originates from the Roman Republic in the second century B.C (J G Apple, 1995:3). The name derives from the à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"just civileà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" the civil law of the Roman Republic and the Roman Empire. In the Roman legal system the role of the à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"juristà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" who was a person o f legal experts à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" aided in making à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“fundamental contributions to the developmentà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  of the system (J G Apple, 1995:3). This was when the Civil Law tradition began to develop, as it was this time period in which the à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"Twelve Tabletsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ was born, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“the first written law and rudimentary system of dispute resolution in Ancient Romeà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  (V Oà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢Connor, 2012:9). The next major period which saw Civil Law progress was in the 6th Century A.D, this was when the à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"Corpus Juris Civileà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ was commissioned to be written by the Emperor Justinian of Constantinople. The à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"Corpus Juris Civileà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ codified many different areas of the Roman law which included things such as; inheritance, property, contracts and family (V Oà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢Connor, 2012:9). The first contemporary European University was established in Italy during the Enligh tenment Period (11th à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" 15th Centuries) and it was here that students from all over Europe came to study Civil Law and took these influences back to their home countries. Unlike the Civil Law tradition, according to Dr Vivienne Oà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢Connor à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“the development of Common Law has been described as a à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"historical accidentà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢, arising from the conquest of England by the Normans in 1066 A.Dà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  (Oà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢Connor, 2012:11). It was the Common Law tradition which introduced the idea of a jury, and this strategy was popular among the public as the jury was made up of à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“mostly illiterate peopleà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  (Oà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢Connor, 2012:11) which it still is today in modern Common Law systems. The main idea of the jury was to represent interests of everyday people and to decide the fate of a person being prosecuted after hearing all the information. In 1701 an independent judiciary a rose from the Act of Settlement and shortly after this a well-known legal academic, Blackstone, published his Observations of the Laws of England, and this helped to develop the America Law (Oà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢Connor, 2012:11). After this the Common Law impact spread world-wide to many countries from Australia to South Africa (Oà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢Connor, 2012:11). One of the most commonly known differences between the Civil Law tradition and the Common Law Tradition is the source of law for each. The term à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"source of lawà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ is understood to be à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“the authority from which the laws derive their forceà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  (Legal-dictionary). Historically, the distinguishing difference between the two traditions is that the Civil Law source is from codified law whereas, on the other hand, the Common Law source is simply judge-made case law à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" although in recent developments there has been evidence where Civil Law à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“incor porates developments of case-lawà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  (Dainow, 1966:427) and Common Law à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“includes legislative encroachmentsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ (Dainow, 1966:427). In Civil Law countries à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Parliamentary legislation is the principal source of lawà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  (Oà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢Connor, 2012:11) and this legislation is made up of separate statues, codes and ancillary legislation. The book which contains all Civil codes is what holds the different laws which control the relationships between people. Usually the book of Civil codes encompasses the following topics; obligations and contracts, persons and the family, successions and donations, civil responsibility, things and ownership, lease, sale, matrimonial property regimes and acquisitive prescription (adverse possession) and special contracts, as well as liberative prescription (statute and limitations) (Dainow, 1966: 424). According to Dainow 1966, a code is a body of general principles which are cautiously arra nged and carefully integrated rather than special rules for certain situations (Dainow, 1966:424). It would be these codes or legislation that the judge would use to decide the outcome of each separate case and would not use à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“another case for guidance even if the facts were identicalà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  (Oà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢Connor, 2012:12). This was done because it was understood that the codes contained all the relevant information in order to decide a Civil Law case, and also believed that à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“the legislature makes the law, not the judgesà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  (Oà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢Connor, 2012:12). When looking at the source of law for Common Law countries, the picture is very different. Civil Law was à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“developed top-down by legislationà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  (Oà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢Connor, 2012:13) whereas Common Law was à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“developed historically on a case-by-case basis from the bottom-upà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  (Oà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢Connor, 2012:13). Histori cally Common Law focused on resolving differences at hand instead of producing legal principles. In Common Law, when a court would decide the outcome of a particular case à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“its decision was not only the law for those parties, but had to be followed in future cases of the same sortà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  (Dainow, 1966:424). Of course there would be times when new problems would arise and these problems would bring new cases which in result developed the rules of Common Law, and therefore à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“judicial decisions were both the source and the proof of the lawà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  (Dainow, 1966:425). With the development of Common Law brought the conception of à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"Precedentsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ and a system named à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"Stare Decisisà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ which ensured the whole system was kept consistent, fair and definite. Overall, in contrast to Civil Law, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“where judges are tasked with applying the law only, Common Law judges were tasked with mak ing the lawà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  (Oà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢Connor, 2012:14). Both the Civil Law and Common Law traditions are similar in the fact they both desire to find the truth, however, the way in which both court systems are set up to achieve this are different. The main difference within the Court Systems of each tradition is that à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Common Law courts are unifiedà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  (Oà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢Connor, 2012:17) whereas in Civil Law countries à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“several separate court systems often coexistà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  (Apple, 1994:24). A Civil Law tradition has numerous sets of courts which all have their own judiciary, jurisdiction, procedure and hierarchy (Oà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢Connor, 2012:15). In addition to this the Civil Law system has a theoretical distinction between à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"publicà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ law and à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"privateà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ law (Apple, 1994:23). The overall rule is that à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"ordinary courtsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ deal with private law cases whereas public law cases have their own separate jurisdictions, specifically, constitutional law and administrative law (Oà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢Connor, 2012:16), and the courts to deal with public law matters, in contrast with the à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"ordinaryà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ courts of private law, would be; social security, administrative, commercial, labour, and agriculture courts (Oà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢Connor, 2012:15). Within the Civil Law tradition verdicts of à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"Ordinary Courtsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ can be appealed to à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"Appellate Courtsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ and above the à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"Appellate Courtsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢, at the top of the à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"Ordinary Courtsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ stands the à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"Court of Cassationà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ (Oà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢Connor, 2012:16). The à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"Court of Cassationà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ ensures à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“uniformity in the lawà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  and à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“decides on only questions of law and th e interpretation of statutesà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  (Oà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢Connor, 2012:16). This court can also support the decision of the à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"Appellate Courtà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ or proclaim the decision to be unfitting. Overall, the Civil Law system follows the custom of unique codes for the different areas of the law and favours the à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“speciality court systems and speciality courts to deal with constitutional law, criminal law, administrative law, commercial law, and civil or private lawà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  (Apple, 1994:37). Whereas, the Common Law tradition favours a combined court system with courts of common jurisdiction available to judge criminal law and most forms of civil law cases (Apple, 1994:37). The Court System of the Common Law tradition appears to be a simpler system to that of the Civil Law tradition because all Common Law courts are unified, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“meaning that there is generally one Appeals Court and one Supreme Court in which any case may be s ubject to final scrutinyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  (Oà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢Connor, 2012:17). The distinctive Common Law court system can be seen as a pyramid, with the lowest ranking court at the bottom, working its way to the highest ranking court at the top of the pyramid. The applicable courts to the Common Law system in England and Wales are beginning with the lowest; the Magistrates Court, the County Courts, the Crown Court, the High Court, the Court of Appeal, the Supreme Court, the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council, and lastly at the top of the pyramid the European Court of Justice (Gearey, 2012:46). Lately there has been a change in the sense of the development of specialised courts within Common Law for example; Tax, Family Law, Employment, and so on (Oà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢Connor, 2012:17). Overall, the Common Law Court system prefers an integrated system to decide the outcome of criminal and most types of civil cases à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“including those involving Constitutional Law, Admin istrative Law, and Commercial Lawà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  (Apple, 1994:37). Within each Court systems there are different Justice Actors which are essential in the proceedings within both the Civil Law tradition and the Common Law tradition. The Justice Actorsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ of the Civil Law tradition and the Common Law tradition show another major difference within the two systems. The Civil Law tradition, having a total of ten roles, has more Justice Actors than the Common Law which only has six. The Civil Law Justice Actors are; the sitting judge, the investigating judge, prosecutor, police/judicial police, defence counsel, lawyer/avocat, the victim, jury and lay judges, notary and the academic (Oà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢Connor, 2012: 17-22), and the six Justice Actors of Common Law are; judge, police, prosecutor, defence counsel, jury, and the victim (Oà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢Connor, 2012:22-24). The three main Justice Actors of; the judge, the police, and the jury will be further explored. In the Civil and Common Law tradition the judge is a vital associate of the courts. A judge within a Common Law system à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“is a much more powerful figure than in the Civil Lawà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  (Oà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢Connor, 2012:23) as previously stated they not only decide the outcome of a case but they create the laws themselves. At trial in a Common Law case it is the duty of the judge to act as a referee between the prosecution and defence. In contrast to a Common Law judge who à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"refereesà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ cases, the investigating judge in Civil Law traditions is à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“responsible for leading the criminal investigation which includes interviewing the accused, the victim and witnesses; and preparing the case file to be passed on to the sitting judgeà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  (Oà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢Connor, 2012:17). A sitting judge is there to hear a Civil Law case in court and it is their job to à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“question witnesses, and experts, and calls evidenceà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  (Oà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢Connor, 2012:18). The next role within the systems is the role of the police. In the Civil Law tradition there are particularly selected à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"judicial policeà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ who help the prosecutor and investigating judge in the criminal investigation. In contrast to the Civil Law tradition, the role of the police in the Common Law system is to conduct the à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“initial investigation of a crime, from minor to more serious crimes, without any supervision from a prosecutorà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  (Oà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢Connor, 2012:23). The final Justice Actor within the systems to be explored is the Jury. Juries have always played a major role in Common Law systems and the role of the jury is à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“to determine à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"beyond a reasonable doubtà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ whether the accused person is guilty or innocentà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  (Oà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢Connor, 2012:24). Juries normally only exist in Common Law countries but r ecently there has been a development of them in Civil Law systems such as France and Belgium (Oà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢Connor, 2012:21) and the duty of the jury in Civil Law is the same as the Common Law tradition. In what follows, the final component to be described between the Civil and Common Law systems is the way in which a case is conducted within each of the traditions. The procedure of a court case in the Common Law tradition can be described as adversarial whereas in the Civil Law tradition the procedure is described as inquisitorial. The inquisitorial model in Civil Law à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“aims to attain justice with the composite effort of the prosecutor, the police, the defence lawyer and the courtà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  (Acharya, 2003:63). On the other hand the adversarial model in Common Law à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“advocates the supremacy of law, that is equal treatment of law for all segments of societyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  (Acharya, 2003:65), and a crucial part of this system is legal representa tion from both sides. The criminal proceedings for each of the Civil and Common Law traditions go through the same five stages of; investigation, indictment, trial, verdict and sentencing hearing, and lastly appeals, but it is the way in which these stages are conducted that show the differences and the main stage to be further explored is the nature of the trial stage in each tradition. According to Oà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢Connor, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“the Common Law trial contrasts greatly from the Civil Law traditionà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  (Oà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢Connor, 2012:29). There are many differences within the trial stages but four main differences within each tradition of the trial stages are; time, central players, witnesses, and evidence. Firstly, a trial within a Common Law country tends to be lengthier than the Civil Law trial because of the requirement of à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"live testimoniesà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢, whereas because the judge in a Civil Law trial can look over the case files prior to the trial starting, it will be a much quicker trial (Oà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢Connor, 2012:26). The next key difference lies within the central players of the different trials. In the Common Law trial the central players à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“are the prosecutor and the defence counsel while the judge acts like an impartial referee between the twoà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  (Oà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢Connor, 2012:29), but in a Civil Law trial the judge is the central player to find the truth and à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“neither the prosecutor nor the defence counsel takes centre-stage in the trialà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  (Oà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢Connor, 2012:26). The third difference to be recognised can be seen when it comes to the witnesses in the trial, and the difference is very simple. In a Common Law trial the prosecution and the defence à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“call their own independent experts to make their caseà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  whereas in a Civil Law trial if expert witnesses are called they à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“belong to the courtà ¢Ã¢â €š ¬Ã‚  (Oà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢Connor, 2012:27). The final difference in the trial stage is when it comes to the evidence of a case. Evidence within a Civil Law trial is much wider than in the Common Law trial because the Civil Law advocates à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“free evaluation of evidenceà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  (Oà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢Connor, 2012:27). On the other hand, Common Law is à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“bound by very complex rules of evidence, and rules for exclusion of certain evidenceà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  (Oà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢Connor, 2012:27). To conclude, this essay has aimed to compare and contrast the Civil Law tradition with the Common Law tradition by giving a brief history on each before exploring the components of; sources of law, court systems, justice actors and the criminal process. It has been found that the one main similarity in the two traditions is safeguarding the public and society but the differences lie within how this is done. Overall, the difference in the sources of law is that Civil Law is codified whereas Common Law is judge-made based law. The next difference lies in the court systems and the Civil Law tradition has several separate court systems in comparison to Common Law which is seen as a unified court system. This third difference can be distinguished from the justice actors in the sense that Civil Law countries have more Justice Actors than a Common Law country and the duties of each of these roles may slightly differ. The final component to show a difference between the Civil and Common Law traditions is the trial stage of the criminal process, and the four main differences lie within time, central players, witnesses and evidence. References Prof. Madhav Prasad Acharya, 2003. The Adversarial v. Inquisitorial Models of Justice.KSL Journal, Vol 1, Pages 63-70. James G Apple, 1995.A Primer on the Civil-law System. 1st Edition. Federal Judicial Center. Joseph Dainow, 1966. The Civil Law and the Common Law: Some Points of Comparison.The America n Journal of Comparative Law, Vol. 15, No. 3, pages 419-435. Harry R Dammer, 2011.Comparative Criminal Justice Systems. Edition. Wadsworth Publishing Co Inc. Melanie Davidson, 2014. Court Structures of the Common Law World.The Good Law Guide, Pages 1 59. Professor Thomas Fleiner, 2005. Two Legal Systems.Common Law and Continental Law, Pages 1 34. Adam Gearey, 2012. Common law reasoning and institutions.International Programmes, ., Pages 1-263 Dominik Lengeling, 2008. Differences, reciprocal influences and points of intersection.Common law and civil law, Pages 1 32 Peter O. Nwankwo, 2011.Criminology and Criminal Justice Systems of the World: A Comparative Perspective. Edition. Trafford Publishing. Dr. Vivienne Oà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢Connor, 2012. Common Law and Civil Law Traditions.INPROL, Vol 1, Pages 5 à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" 35 Francis Pakes, 2004.Comparative Criminal Justice. Edition. Willan Publishing (UK). Philip L. Reichel, 2012.Comparative Criminal Justic e Systems: A Topical Approach (6th Edition). 6 Edition. Prentice Hall Shahid M. Shahidullah, 2012.Comparative Criminal Justice Systems: Global and Local Perspectives. 1 Edition. Jones Bartlett Learning Sources of the law legal definition of Sources of the law. 2015.Sources of the law legal definition of Sources of the law. [ONLINE] Available at:https://legal-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Sources+of+the+law. [Accessed 15 March 2015]. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Tradition of Criminal Justice" essay for you Create order